The Codex Alimentarius (Latin for “Food Code”) is a collection of internationally recognized standards, codes of practice, guidelines, and other recommendations relating to food safety and quality. It is developed and maintained by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), established in 1963 by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Codex standards form the reference point for EU food legislation and international food trade.
Key Facts About the Codex Alimentarius
- Established: 1963 by FAO and WHO to protect consumer health and ensure fair practices in international food trade.
- Membership: 189 member countries plus the European Union, covering over 99% of the world population.
- HACCP: The HACCP system was codified in the Codex General Principles of Food Hygiene (CXC 1-1969, revised 2020) and its seven principles are the global reference.
- WTO recognition: Under the WTO SPS Agreement, Codex standards are the benchmark for resolving international food trade disputes.
- Maximum Residue Limits: Codex sets MRLs for pesticide residues (JMPR) and veterinary drugs (JECFA) in food, referenced by national regulators worldwide.
- Food additives: The General Standard for Food Additives (GSFA, CXS 192-1995) provides the international framework referenced by EU Regulation 1333/2008.
Testing Methods at Ovalab
Ovalab’s analytical methods align with Codex Alimentarius recommended methods of analysis and sampling. Testing for preservatives, sweeteners, colorants, and contaminants follows internationally harmonized standards. Under ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accreditation (ČIA Certificate 537/2025), Ovalab delivers results recognized across borders.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Codex Alimentarius Commission?
The CAC is the international body established by FAO and WHO in 1963 that develops and adopts Codex standards. It meets annually and works through subsidiary committees covering specific food safety topics.
Are Codex standards legally binding?
Codex standards are voluntary recommendations. However, they serve as the international reference under the WTO SPS Agreement, and many countries — including EU member states — adopt them into national legislation.
How does Codex relate to EU food law?
EU food legislation frequently references Codex standards. For example, HACCP principles in EU Regulation 852/2004 are based on Codex guidelines, and EU maximum residue limits often align with Codex MRLs.
What is JECFA?
The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) is the independent scientific body that evaluates food additives, contaminants, and veterinary drug residues for the Codex Alimentarius, establishing Acceptable Daily Intakes (ADIs) and maximum levels.
Does Ovalab test according to Codex methods?
Yes. Ovalab uses analytical methods aligned with Codex recommended methods and international standards (ISO, EN). Our ISO/IEC 17025 accreditation ensures results are internationally recognized and suitable for Codex compliance verification.